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  • Hailey-Hailey disease and tight junctions: Claudins 1 and 4 are regulated by ATP2C1 gene encoding Ca(2+) /Mn(2+) ATPase SPCA1 in cultured keratinocytes.

Hailey-Hailey disease and tight junctions: Claudins 1 and 4 are regulated by ATP2C1 gene encoding Ca(2+) /Mn(2+) ATPase SPCA1 in cultured keratinocytes.

Experimental dermatology (2012-05-30)
Laura Raiko, Elina Siljamäki, Mỹ G Mahoney, Heli Putaala, Erkki Suominen, Juha Peltonen, Sirkku Peltonen
ABSTRACT

Mutations in the ATP2C1 gene encoding Ca(2+) /Mn(2+) ATPase SPCA1 cause Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD, OMIM 16960). HHD is characterized by epidermal acantholysis. We attempted to model HHD using normal keratinocytes, in which the SPCA1 mRNA was down-regulated with the small inhibitory RNA (siRNA) method. SiRNA inhibition significantly down-regulated the SPCA1 mRNA, as demonstrated by qPCR, and decreased the SPCA1 protein beyond detectable level, as shown by Western analysis. The expression of selected desmosomal, adherens and tight junction (TJ) proteins was then studied in the SPCA1-deficient and control keratinocytes cultured in low (0.06 mm) or high (1.2 mm) calcium concentration. The mRNA and protein levels of most TJ components were up-regulated in non-treated control keratinocyte cultures upon switch from low to high calcium concentration. In contrast, SPCA1-deficient keratinocytes displayed high levels of TJ proteins claudins 1 and 4 even in low calcium. ZO-1 did not, however, follow similar expression patterns. Protein levels of occludin, beta-catenin, E-cadherin, desmoplakin, desmogleins 1-3, desmocollin 2/desmocollin 3 and plakoglobin did not show marked changes in SPCA1-deficient keratinocytes. Indirect immunofluorescence labelling revealed delayed translocation of desmoplakin and desmoglein 3 in desmosomes and increased intracellular pools of TJ and desmosomal components in SPCA1-inhibited keratinocytes. The results show that SPCA1 regulates the levels of claudins 1 and 4, but does not affect desmosomal protein levels, indicating that TJ proteins are differently regulated. The results also suggest a potential role for claudins in HHD.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich
Monoclonal Anti-ATP2C1 antibody produced in mouse, clone 2G1, purified immunoglobulin, buffered aqueous solution
Roche
KAPA PROBE FAST, suitable for qPCR, 2 ×, ABI Prism®
Sigma-Aldrich
Monoclonal Anti-β-Actin antibody produced in mouse, clone AC-15, ascites fluid