Paraxanthine is a major plasma and urinary metabolite of caffeine. This xanthine derivative is, along with caffeine, a central nervous system stimulant. This Snap-N-Spike® reference solution is applicable for caffeine quantitation in clinical toxicology or urine drug testing by LC-MS/MS or GC/MS.
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Handbook of experimental pharmacology, (200)(200), 33-91 (2010-09-23)
Caffeine, theophylline, theobromine, and paraxanthine administered to animals and humans distribute in all body fluids and cross all biological membranes. They do not accumulate in organs or tissues and are extensively metabolized by the liver, with less than 2% of
This study was designed to investigate the impact of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2 polymorphisms on theophylline metabolism in a non-smoking healthy male Chinese population. Four polymorphisms CYP1A2 1C (G-3860A), G-3113A, CYP1A2 1F (C-163A) and CYP1A2 1B (C-5347T) were screened in
Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems, 41(7), 585-592 (2011-04-12)
The aim of this investigation was to determine the pharmacokinetics and demethylation of caffeine (CF) and the metabolite/CF ratios that correlated best with CF clearance, which were used to evaluate hepatic drug-oxidizing capacity of CF after a single intravenous dose
Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 150(6), 762-764 (2012-01-12)
Various methods were proposed for phenotyping of patients by activity of cytochrome P450 1A2, each has some advantages and disadvantages. However, no reference parameters were developed for measuring CYP1A2 activity that could be used as a unified standard for phenotyping
American journal of perinatology, 28(7), 571-578 (2011-03-08)
Outside pregnancy, acute caffeine consumption is associated with insulin resistance. We investigated if during pregnancy plasma concentrations of caffeine and its metabolite, paraxanthine, were associated with insulin resistance. Caffeine, paraxanthine, glucose, and insulin were measured and insulin resistance estimated by
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