Functional understanding of the versatile protein copper metabolism MURR1 domain 1 (COMMD1) in copper homeostasis.

Functional understanding of the versatile protein copper metabolism MURR1 domain 1 (COMMD1) in copper homeostasis.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (2014-04-05)

Alina Fedoseienko, Paulina Bartuzi, Bart van de Sluis

ABSTRACT

Copper is an important cofactor in numerous biological processes in all living organisms. However, excessive copper can be extremely toxic, so it is vital that the copper level within a cell is tightly regulated. The damaging effect of copper is seen in several hereditary forms of copper toxicity in humans and animals. At present, Wilson's disease is the best-described and best-studied copper-storage disorder in humans; it is caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene. In dogs, a mutation in the COMMD1 gene has been found to be associated with copper toxicosis. Using a liver-specific Commd1 knockout mouse, the biological role of Commd1 in copper homeostasis has been confirmed. Yet, the exact mechanism by which COMMD1 regulates copper homeostasis is still unknown. Here, we give an overview of the current knowledge and perspectives on the molecular function of COMMD1 in copper homeostasis.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

GF77355579

Copper, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 0.65mm, inside diameter 0.21mm, wall thickness 0.22mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF89142701

Copper, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 5.0mm, inside diameter 4mm, wall thickness 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF60058346

Copper, sphere, 1000pcs, diameter 3.0mm, precision sphere grade 200

GF16694006

Copper, rod, 50mm, diameter 6.35mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF46821382

Copper, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 1.75mm, inside diameter 0.33mm, wall thickness 0.71mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF20661083

Copper, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 12.7mm, inside diameter 10.26mm, wall thickness 1.22mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF00529040

Copper, sphere, 100pcs, diameter 3.0mm, precision sphere grade 200

GF98886920

Copper, rod, 50mm, diameter 12.7mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

GF36497773

Copper, insulated wire, 10m, conductor diameter 0.1mm, insulation thickness 0.005mm, polyurethane insulation, 99.9%

GF01112724

Copper, insulated wire, 5m, conductor diameter 0.1mm, insulation thickness 0.015mm, 10-30 micron polyesterimide insulation, 99.9%

GF55859855

Copper, insulated wire, 2m, conductor diameter 1.0mm, insulation thickness 0.25mm, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) insulation

GF61610699

Copper, insulated wire, 100m, conductor diameter 0.24mm, insulation thickness 0.25mm, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) insulation

GF09925106

Copper - O.F.H.C., wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.95+%

GF29608904

Copper, insulated wire, 50m, conductor diameter 0.45mm, insulation thickness 0.25mm, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) insulation

GF87182657

Copper, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 6.0mm, inside diameter 4mm, wall thickness 1.0mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF43853148

Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 2m coil, thickness 0.7mm, half hard, 99.95+%

GF68805760

Copper, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

GF21709650

Copper, wire reel, 1000m, diameter 0.04mm, hard, 99.9%

GF26135726

Copper, wire reel, 500m, diameter 0.125mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF74334809

Copper, wire reel, 2m, diameter 0.75mm, as drawn, 99.98+%

GF11467155

Copper, wire reel, 20m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF89712333

Copper, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.98+%

GF78778366

Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.125mm, hard, 99.95+%

GF76573334

Copper, wire reel, 500m, diameter 0.04mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF97778558

Copper, wire reel, 500m, diameter 0.15mm, annealed, silver plated, 99.9%

GF35012584

Copper, wire reel, 250m, diameter 0.04mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF03346501

Copper, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.02mm, hard, 99.99+%

GF81594399

Copper, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.5mm, annealed, silver plated, 99.9%

GF26383349

Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 5m coil, thickness 0.125mm, hard, 99.95+%

GF08494577

Copper, wire reel, 1000m, diameter 0.075mm, annealed, 99.9%