Accéder au contenu

Thermally induced structural evolution and performance of mesoporous block copolymer-directed alumina perovskite solar cells.

Thermally induced structural evolution and performance of mesoporous block copolymer-directed alumina perovskite solar cells.

ACS nano (2014-04-02)

Kwan Wee Tan, David T Moore, Michael Saliba, Hiroaki Sai, Lara A Estroff, Tobias Hanrath, Henry J Snaith, Ulrich Wiesner

RÉSUMÉ

Structure control in solution-processed hybrid perovskites is crucial to design and fabricate highly efficient solar cells. Here, we utilize in situ grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering and scanning electron microscopy to investigate the structural evolution and film morphologies of methylammonium lead tri-iodide/chloride (CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Cl(x)) in mesoporous block copolymer derived alumina superstructures during thermal annealing. We show the CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Cl(x) material evolution to be characterized by three distinct structures: a crystalline precursor structure not described previously, a 3D perovskite structure, and a mixture of compounds resulting from degradation. Finally, we demonstrate how understanding the processing parameters provides the foundation needed for optimal perovskite film morphology and coverage, leading to enhanced block copolymer-directed perovskite solar cell performance.

MATÉRIAUX

Référence du produit

Marque

Description du produit

Sigma-Aldrich

2-Propanol, suitable for HPLC, 99.9%

Sigma-Aldrich

Tetrahydrofurane, inhibitor-free, suitable for HPLC, ≥99.9%

Sigma-Aldrich

2-Propanol, ACS reagent, ≥99.5%

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethyl alcohol, Pure, 200 proof, ACS reagent, ≥99.5%

Sigma-Aldrich

Acide nitrique, ACS reagent, 70%

Sigma-Aldrich

N,N-Diméthylformamide, ACS reagent, ≥99.8%

Sigma-Aldrich

N,N-Diméthylformamide, suitable for HPLC, ≥99.9%

Sigma-Aldrich

Toluène, ACS reagent, ≥99.5%

Sigma-Aldrich

Chloroforme, contains 100-200 ppm amylenes as stabilizer, ≥99.5%

Sigma-Aldrich

Tetrahydrofurane, contains 250 ppm BHT as inhibitor, ACS reagent, ≥99.0%

Sigma-Aldrich

Chloroforme, HPLC Plus, for HPLC, GC, and residue analysis, ≥99.9%, contains amylenes as stabilizer

Sigma-Aldrich

Chloroforme, suitable for HPLC, ≥99.8%, contains 0.5-1.0% ethanol as stabilizer

Sigma-Aldrich

Butan-1-ol, 99.9%

Sigma-Aldrich

Hydriodic acid, 57 wt. % in H₂O, distilled, stabilized, 99.95%

Sigma-Aldrich

Oxyde d′aluminium, activated, basic, Brockmann I

Sigma-Aldrich

Chloroforme, contains ethanol as stabilizer, ACS reagent, ≥99.8%

Sigma-Aldrich

2-Propanol, HPLC Plus, for HPLC, GC, and residue analysis, 99.9%

Sigma-Aldrich

Acide nitrique, 70%, purified by redistillation, ≥99.999% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Butan-1-ol, ACS reagent, ≥99.4%

Sigma-Aldrich

2-Propanol, meets USP testing specifications

Sigma-Aldrich

2-Propanol, for molecular biology, BioReagent, ≥99.5%

Sigma-Aldrich

Oxyde d′aluminium, activated, neutral, Brockmann I

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium(IV) isopropoxide, 97%

Sigma-Aldrich

Butan-1-ol, suitable for HPLC, ≥99.7%

Sigma-Aldrich

2-Propanol, Laboratory Reagent, ≥99.5%

Sigma-Aldrich

Acide nitrique, puriss. p.a., 65.0-67.0%

Sigma-Aldrich

Hydriodic acid, contains no stabilizer, ACS reagent, 55%

Sigma-Aldrich

N,N-Diméthylformamide, ReagentPlus^®, ≥99%

Sigma-Aldrich

Chloroforme, contains amylenes as stabilizer, ACS reagent, ≥99.8%

Sigma-Aldrich

Chloroforme, ReagentPlus^®, ≥99.8%, contains 0.5-1.0% ethanol as stabilizer