[Comparative analysis of linear morphometric parameters of the humane mandibula obtained by direct and indirect measurement].

Reconstruction of lost, damaged or distorted mandibular bone presents a challenge from the functional side, as well as from the esthetic point of view. The aim of this study was to determinate potential differences between values of the basic linear moprhometric parameters (LMPs) obtained by direct and indirect manual measurement of the same humane mandibles, with accuracy testing of indirect measurement, which are routinely used in every-day clinical practice. The results are essential for defining of parametric model of the "standard mandible" and virtual modeling of the humane mandible in future researches as well as in clinical medicine. A total number of 12 dry bony mandibles of human adults were studied. According to the standard anatomical landmarks, 10 standard LPMs were measured on each mandible by different manual methods: directly by a sliding caliper with nonius, and indirectly using standard software on two-dimensional (2D) reconstructions of mandibular multislice computed tomography (MSCT) scans. The values obtained by the different measuring methods were matched for the same LMPs. Statistically significant differences between compared LMPs values obtained by different measuring methods, appeared in the gnathio-interdental distance (Gn-IdD), as well as in the gnathio-condylar distance (Gn-CoD), bilaterally. In both parameters, significantly higher mean values (with percent of difference) were obtained by direct versus indirect measurement: Gn-IdD (21.57%; 29.2 mm vs 22.9 mm; p = 0.004); Gn-CoD left side (14.1%; 122.7 mm vs 105.4 cm; p = 0.001); Gn-CoD right side (11.87%; 124.7 mm vs 109.9 mm; p = 0.009). According to the observed inaccuracy of indirect measurement, we recommended the use of a correction factor for calculation of both Gn-IdD and Gn-CoD real vales, in defining of parametric model of the "standard mandible" based on indirect morphometry on 2D reconstructions of mandibular MSCT scans. Additional studies with larger number of specimens and quantification of anatomical variations regarding to sex, age, dentition status and ethnic origin, additionally should increase measurement accuracy and consequently reliability of future parametric model of the human mandible.