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  • Microwave-Assisted Heating Reactions of N-Acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) in Sulfolane as a Method Generating 1,6-Anhydrosugars Consisting of Amino Monosaccharide Backbones.

Microwave-Assisted Heating Reactions of N-Acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) in Sulfolane as a Method Generating 1,6-Anhydrosugars Consisting of Amino Monosaccharide Backbones.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2020-04-26)
Harumi Kaga, Masaru Enomoto, Hiroki Shimizu, Izuru Nagashima, Keigo Matsuda, Seigou Kawaguchi, Atsushi Narumi
ABSTRACT

The microwave-assisted heating reaction of N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) in sulfolane is described. The reaction produces two major products that are assignable to 1,6-anhydro-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranose (AGPNAc) and 1,6-anhydro-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-d-glucofuranose (AGFNAc). In order to reveal a general feature of the system, the 3, 5, and 10 min reactions were performed at 140, 160, 180, 200, and 220 °C to clarify the time course changes in the conversion of GlcNAc and the yields of the two produced 1,6-anhydrosugars. Temperature is a crucial factor that significantly affects the conversion of GlcNAc. The yields of AGPNAc and AGFNAc are also drastically changed depending on the reaction conditions. The 5-min reaction at 200 °C is shown to be the optimal condition to generate the 1,6-anhydrosugars with a high efficiency in which AGPNAc and AGFNAc are produced in the yields of 21% and 44%, respectively. Consequently, the microwave-assisted heating reaction of GlcNAc in sulfolane is shown to be a simple and promising pathway to generate 1,6-anhydrosugars consisting of amino monosaccharide backbones, which have high potentials as raw materials leading to biological oligosaccharides and biomimetic polysaccharides.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich
N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine, ≥95% (HPLC)
Sigma-Aldrich
2-(Dimethylamino)pyridine, 97%
Sigma-Aldrich
Sulfolane, 99%
Sigma-Aldrich
Tetraethylene glycol, 99%