Biological performance of tantalum.

Biological performance of tantalum.

Clinical materials (1993-12-09)

J Black

ABSTRACT

A detailed literature search was carried out to define the current knowledge about the biological performance of tantalum. The pure metal appears, to a great degree, to be inert both in vivo and in vitro. Both the pure metal and its principle oxide possess low solubility and toxicity; however, halide compounds are more biologically active. Local host response is benign, characterized by vital encapsulation in soft tissue and frequent osteointegration, reminiscent of titanium, in hard tissue. Tantalum has been in clinical use since before 1940 and has found a wide range of diagnostic and implant applications, with apparently overall excellent results. In some applications, such as for radiographic bone markers and cranial closure, tantalum may well be the current material of choice. In summary, metallic tantalum is a promising biomaterial whose applications have been limited by technical rather than biological performance considerations.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

262846

Sigma-Aldrich

Tantalum, powder, −325 mesh, 99.9% trace metals basis

692824

Sigma-Aldrich

Tantalum, powder, 60-100 mesh, 99.9%

357243

Sigma-Aldrich

Tantalum, foil, thickness 0.05 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

GF92504628

Tantalum, rod, 1000mm, diameter 1.0mm, 99.9%

GF83507238

Tantalum, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.03mm, as rolled, 99.9%

GF77910082

Tantalum, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.015mm, 99.9%

GF91998253

Tantalum, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.9%

GF72299829

Tantalum, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 3.0mm, inside diameter 2mm, wall thickness 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF97782452

Tantalum, rod, 100mm, diameter 2.0mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF84004231

Tantalum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 7.0mm, inside diameter 6.7mm, wall thickness 0.15mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF93289090

Tantalum, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.004mm, 99.9%

GF69076839

Tantalum, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.034mm, as rolled, 99.9%

GF66426431

Tantalum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 12.7mm, inside diameter 11.7mm, wall thickness 0.5mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF80066392

Tantalum, pellets, 100g, max. size 10mm, 99.9%

GF73528296

Tantalum, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 3.5mm, inside diameter 3.1mm, wall thickness 0.2mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF99532592

Tantalum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 8.7mm, inside diameter 8.34mm, wall thickness 0.18mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF92754490

Tantalum, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 1.05mm, inside diameter 0.65mm, wall thickness 0.2mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF87514421

Tantalum, rod, 50mm, diameter 12.7mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF74379684

Tantalum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 2.0mm, inside diameter 1mm, wall thickness 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF93583378

Tantalum, rod, 25mm, diameter 18mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF84233976

Tantalum, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.125mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF81996441

Tantalum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 0.31mm, inside diameter 0.19mm, wall thickness 0.06mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF99542368

Tantalum, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.03mm, as rolled, 99.9%

GF86342485

Tantalum, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.20mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF66812564

Tantalum, foil, 150x150mm, thickness 0.100mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF84482387

Tantalum, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.25mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF76534500

Tantalum, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.100mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF86596677

Tantalum, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.1mm, coil width .62mm, as rolled, 99.9%

GF87216059

Tantalum, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.25mm, annealed, 99.99%

GF71666613

Tantalum, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 3.0mm, annealed, 99.9%