Protective effect of ethyl pyruvate on pancreas injury in rats with severe acute pancreatitis.

Systemic inflammatory mediators have an important role in the development of acute pancreatitis. In this study, we investigated the effect of ethyl pyruvate (EP) on pancreas injury in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and its possible mechanism. We randomly allocated rats into the following three experimental groups: control and SAP- and EP-treated. Then, we recorded the mortality rate. We harvested tissue specimens for morphological studies, streptavidin-peroxidase immunohistochemistry examination, and Western blot analysis. We tested the levels of pancreatic tissue malondialdehyde and the activity of serum amylase, myeloperoxidase in the pancreas. In addition, we studied nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation, tumor necrosis factor-α levels, and high mobility group box 1 protein expression levels in the pancreas. Treatment with EP after SAP was associated with a reduction in the severity of SAP and pancreas injury. Treatment with EP significantly decreased the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and high mobility group box 1, and ameliorated malondialdehyde concentration and myeloperoxidase activity in the pancreas in SAP rats. Compared with the SAP group, treatment with EP significantly decreased the number of inflammatory cell infiltration, markedly inhibited pancreatic NF-κB DNA binding, and increased the survival rates. This study demonstrates that preventing the activation of NF-κB by EP ameliorates tissue injury associated with experimental murine acute pancreatitis. This result provides an important insight into the molecular biology of acute pancreatitis.