Skip to Content
Merck
  • Longitudinal evolution of the concentration of gangliosides GM3 and GD3 in human milk.

Longitudinal evolution of the concentration of gangliosides GM3 and GD3 in human milk.

Lipids (2014-09-05)
Francesca Giuffrida, Isabelle Masserey Elmelegy, Sagar K Thakkar, Cynthia Marmet, Frédéric Destaillats
ABSTRACT

It has been reported that dietary gangliosides may have an important role in preventing infections and in brain development during early infancy. However, data related to the evolution of their concentration over the different stages of lactation are scarce. Liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization high resolution mass spectrometer (LC/ESI-HR-MS) has been optimized to quantify the two major ganglioside classes, i.e., aNeu5Ac(2-8)aNeu5Ac(2-3)bDGalp(1-4)bDGlcp(1-1)Cer (GD3) and aNeu5Ac(2-3)bDGalp(1-4)bDGlcp(1-1)Cer (GM3) in human milk. Gangliosides were extracted using chloroform and methanol, further purified by solid-phase extraction and separated by reversed-phase liquid chromatography. Repeatability, intermediate reproducibility, and recovery values were assessed to validate the method. In human milk, GD3 and GM3 could be quantified at the level of 0.1 and 0.2 μg/mL, respectively, with relative standard deviation of repeatability [CV(r)] and intermediate reproducibility [CV(iR)] values ranging from 1.9 to 15.0 % and 1.9 to 22.5 %, respectively. The described method was used to quantify GD3 and GM3 in human milk samples collected from 450 volunteers between 0 and 11 days and at 30, 60 and 120 days postpartum, providing for the first time the concentration of these minor lipids in a large cohort. The content of total gangliosides ranged from 8.1 and 10.7 μg/mL and the mean intake of gangliosides in infants 30, 60 and 120 days postpartum could be estimated at about 5.5, 7.0 and 8.6 mg of total gangliosides per day, respectively, when infants were exclusively breastfed.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, HPLC Plus, ≥99.9%, poly-coated bottles
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Ammonium acetate, reagent grade, ≥98%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Ammonium acetate, for molecular biology, ≥98%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Ammonium acetate, BioXtra, ≥98%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Ammonium acetate solution, BioUltra, for molecular biology, ~5 M in H2O
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, anhydrous, 99.8%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Supelco
Methanol, analytical standard
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Ammonium acetate, BioUltra, for molecular biology, ≥99.0%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Supelco
Ammonium acetate, LiChropur, eluent additive for LC-MS
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Ammonium acetate, 99.999% trace metals basis
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Ammonium acetate solution, for molecular biology, 7.5 M
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Supelco
Methanol, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Ammonium acetate, Vetec, reagent grade, 97%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, Absolute - Acetone free
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, ACS reagent, ≥99.8%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, ACS spectrophotometric grade, ≥99.9%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Ammonium acetate, ACS reagent, ≥97%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., ≥99.8% (GC)
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, ACS reagent, ≥99.8%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Ammonium acetate, ≥99.99% trace metals basis
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, puriss., meets analytical specification of Ph Eur, ≥99.7% (GC)
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, BioReagent, ≥99.93%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, ACS reagent, ≥99.8%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, Laboratory Reagent, ≥99.6%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, suitable for HPLC, gradient grade, ≥99.9%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, HPLC Plus, ≥99.9%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, suitable for HPLC, gradient grade, suitable as ACS-grade LC reagent, ≥99.9%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, suitable for HPLC, ≥99.9%
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol-12C, 99.95 atom % 12C
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity
USP
Methyl alcohol, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard
SKU
Pack Size
Availability
Price
Quantity