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Metal ion levels: how can they help us?

Metal ion levels: how can they help us?

The Journal of arthroplasty (2014-03-25)

William L Griffin

ABSTRACT

Ion levels have been shown to reliably predict abnormal function of the bearing surface with increased wear, but ion levels should not be used alone as a trigger for when to proceed with revision surgery with metal-metal articulations. Risk stratification strategies help determine which patients should be monitored more closely with serial ion levels, cross-sectional imaging with a MARS MRI, or proceed on to revision. Based on the current data available, an ion level greater than 4.5 ppb (Cr or Co) may serve as a threshold for when abnormal wear is occurring, and is suggested as a trigger for a MARS MRI scan.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich

Cobalt, Carbon coated magnetic, nanopowder, <50 nm particle size (TEM), ≥99%

Sigma-Aldrich

Cobalt, powder, 2 μm particle size, 99.8% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Cobalt, powder, <150 μm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Cobalt, foil, thickness 1.0 mm, 99.95% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Cobalt, foil, thickness 0.1 mm, 99.95% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Cobalt, rod, diam. 5.0 mm, 99.95% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Cobalt, pieces, 99.5% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Cobalt, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, 99.995% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Chromium, chips, 99.995% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Chromium, chips, thickness ~2 mm, 99.5%

Sigma-Aldrich

Cobalt, granular, 99.99% trace metals basis

Sigma-Aldrich

Chromium, powder, ≥99% trace metals basis, <45 μm

Cobalt, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.009mm, 99.9%

Cobalt, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.002mm, temporary acrylic support, 99.9%

Cobalt, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.01mm, 99.9%

Cobalt, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.009mm, 99.9%

Cobalt, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.125mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

Cobalt, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.005mm, 99.9%

Cobalt, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.0125mm, 99.9%

Cobalt, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.25mm, as rolled, 99.9%

Cobalt, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.005mm, 99.9%

Cobalt, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.015mm, 99.9%

Cobalt, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.125mm, annealed, 99.9%

Cobalt, microfoil, disks, 10mm, thinness 0.5μm, specific density 434μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.9%

Cobalt, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.007mm, 99.9%

Cobalt, foil, not light tested, 150x150mm, thickness 0.0125mm, 99.9%

Cobalt, wire reel, 0.1m, diameter 1.0mm, hard, 99.99+%

Cobalt, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.003mm, 99.9%

Cobalt, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.25mm, as rolled, 99.99+%

Cobalt, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.01mm, 99.9%