277576

Bromine

ACS reagent, ≥99.5%

• Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): Br₂
• CAS Number: 7726-95-6
• Molecular Weight: 159.81
• EC Number: 231-778-1
• MDL number: MFCD00010896
• UNSPSC Code: 12141915
• PubChem Substance ID: 329753018
• NACRES: NA.21

Properties

• grade: ACS reagent
• vapor density: 7.14 (vs air)
• vapor pressure: 175 mmHg ( 20 °C); 671 mmHg ( 55 °C)
• Assay: ≥99.5%
• form: liquid
• resistivity: 7.8E18 μΩ-cm, 20°C
• impurities: organic bromine compounds, passes test; ≤0.001% I₂; ≤0.001% S compounds
• evapn. residue: ≤0.005%
• bp: 58.8 °C (lit.)
• mp: −7.2 °C (lit.)
• density: 3.119 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
• anion traces: chloride (Cl^-): ≤0.05%
• cation traces: Ni: ≤5 ppm; heavy metals: ≤2 ppm
• SMILES string: BrBr
• InChI: 1S/Br2/c1-2
• InChI key: GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Description

General description

Bromine is a highly volatile and reactive halogen that can be used as a powerful brominating and oxidizing agent in chemical synthesis.

Application

Bromine can be used as a brominating agent for the bromination of:

• Aromatic and heterocyclic compounds. 
• Carbonyl compounds at α position to carbonyl groups.
• Aromatic carboxylic acids via Hell-Volhard-Zelinski reaction in the presence of phosphorus trihalides.
• Alkylbenzenes at the benzylic position using photocatalytic conditions.

It can also be used as an oxidizing agent for the oxidation of:

• Primary alcohols to either aldehydes or esters.      
• Secondary alcohols to ketones.

It can also be used as a Lewis acid catalyst to:     

• Convert epoxides and CO₂ to cyclic carbonates in a continuous flow system.     
• Synthesize bis(indolyl)methanes by reacting indoles with carbonyl compounds.

Safety Information

• Pictograms: GHS06,GHS05,GHS09
• Signal Word: Danger
• Hazard Statements: H314,H330,H400
• Precautionary Statements: P260 - P273 - P280 - P303 + P361 + P353 - P304 + P340 + P310 - P305 + P351 + P338
• Hazard Classifications: Acute Tox. 1 Inhalation - Aquatic Acute 1 - Eye Dam. 1 - Skin Corr. 1A
• Storage Class Code: 6.1B - Non-combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 / very toxic hazardous materials
• WGK: WGK 2
• Flash Point(F): Not applicable
• Flash Point(C): Not applicable