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  • [Acute kidney failure caused by sulfadiazine stones. A complication of the therapy of toxoplasmosis in AIDS].

[Acute kidney failure caused by sulfadiazine stones. A complication of the therapy of toxoplasmosis in AIDS].

Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) (1993-11-19)
U Kronawitter, K Jakob, W G Zoller, G Rauh, F D Goebel
ABSTRACT

A 45-year-old man with AIDS was treated for a recurrence of cerebral toxoplasmosis with sulphadiazine, 4 g, and pyrimethamine, 75 mg, daily. Owing to a lack of appetite and dysphagia he drank rather little water during the first week of treatment. On the 13th day after starting the drugs he had bilateral renal colics and renal failure was diagnosed (serum creatinine 3.8 mg/dl). Ultrasound examination demonstrated multiple stones with bilateral urinary retention. After parenteral fluid replacement, alkalization of the urine with sodium-potassium-hydrogen citrate and N-butylcopolamine a stone, consisting of sulphadiazine and acetylsulphadiazine, was passed after two days. Three days later the creatinine concentration was within normal limits, and in further two days the ultrasound picture was normal. It is pointed out that diarrhoea, fever or dysphagia often prevent sufficient fluid intake in AIDS patients. Satisfactory oral fluid intake and alkalization of urine is thus of great importance for avoiding complications during sulphadiazine treatment.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Supelco
Sulfadiazine, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Supelco
Sulfadiazine, VETRANAL®, analytical standard
Sigma-Aldrich
Sulfadiazine, 99.0-101.0%
Sulfadiazine for identification of impurity F, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
Sulfadiazine, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
USP
Sulfadiazine, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard