Herein, an efficient biphasic pretreatment process was developed to improve the production of furfural (FF) and glucose from Eucalyptus. The influence of formic acid and NaCl on FF production from xylose in water and various biphasic systems was investigated. Results
Hydrogen-independent reductive transformation of carbohydrate biomass into γ-valerolactone and pyrrolidone derivatives with supported gold catalysts.
Xian-Long Du et al.
Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English), 50(34), 7815-7819 (2011-07-07)
In the present study, γ-valerolactone (GVL) is firstly reported to be converted into aromatic hydrocarbons through catalytic pyrolysis. The catalysts and reaction conditions are both critical in maximizing the hydrocarbon selectivity. Four zeolites, i.e. MCM-41, β-zeolite, ZSM-5 and HZSM-5 were
Reactive extraction of levulinate esters and conversion to γ-valerolactone for production of liquid fuels.
Chemical communications (Cambridge, England), (44)(44), 4632-4634 (2007-11-09)
Phase behaviour is manipulated during the hydrogenation of aqueous levulinic acid in supercritical CO(2) to separate almost pure gamma-valerolactone from water and unreacted acid with reduced energy requirements compared to conventional processing.
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