291196
Creatine
98%
Synonym(s):
(α-Methylguanido)acetic acid, N-Amidinosarcosine
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About This Item
Linear Formula:
H2NC(=NH)N(CH3)CH2CO2H
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
131.13
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:
907175
EC Number:
MDL number:
UNSPSC Code:
12352200
PubChem Substance ID:
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assay
98%
SMILES string
CN(CC(O)=O)C(N)=N
InChI
1S/C4H9N3O2/c1-7(4(5)6)2-3(8)9/h2H2,1H3,(H3,5,6)(H,8,9)
InChI key
CVSVTCORWBXHQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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Biochem/physiol Actions
Creatine is a nitrogenous compound that acts as a high-energy reservoir for the rapid regeneration of ATP. Approximately 95% of creatine is found in skeletal muscle, primarily as phosphocreatine. Creatine can be acquired through dietary consumption or formed from L-arginine, glycine, and L-methionine in a multi-step reaction that occurs in the kidneys and liver. Creatine is then transported to muscle tissue. Creatine supplementation is used for the enhancement of sports performance, primarily by increasing muscle mass. Creatine is also being investigated as a treatment of neuromuscular diseases, where it may aid in neuroprotection and by improving the cellular bioenergetic state.
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Samit Malhotra et al.
Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.), 19(1 Sleep Disorders), 67-85 (2013-02-13)
This review discusses the various causes of primary hypersomnias with emphasis on clinical recognition, diagnosis, and treatment options. Narcolepsy is probably the most fascinating syndrome causing excessive daytime sleepiness. With increasing understanding of the hypocretin/orexin pathways and the neurotransmitters that
Sergej M Ostojic et al.
International journal of medical sciences, 10(2), 141-147 (2013-01-19)
Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) is a natural precursor of creatine, yet the potential use of GAA as a nutritional additive for restoring creatine availability in humans has been limited by unclear efficacy and safety after exogenous GAA administration. The present study
Yuanyuan Liu et al.
Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia, 20(4), 548-553 (2013-02-15)
Cognitive reserve (CR) modulates the relationship between clinical and pathological phenotypes by restricting the negative effect of cerebral lesions on cognition, according to the CR hypothesis. In this study, we evaluated 18 healthy subjects and 21 patients with mild cognitive
Naina Shah et al.
Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, 33(3), 398-409 (2013-02-14)
Patients with cirrhosis frequently develop renal dysfunction, a proportion of who do not fulfill criteria for hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). We hypothesized that the kidneys in these patients would exhibit histological and biomarker evidence of kidney injury. We looked specifically for
Creatine--a dispensable metabolite?
Heinrich Taegtmeyer et al.
Circulation research, 112(6), 878-880 (2013-03-16)
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